Source: Stanford J. Shaw, on Armenian collaboration with invading Russian armies in 1914, "History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey (Volume II: Reform, Revolution & Republic: The Rise of Modern Turkey, 1808-1975)." (London, Cambridge University Press 1977). pp. 315-316.
"In April 1915 Dashnaks from Russian Armenia organized a revolt in the city of Van, whose 33,789 Armenians comprised 42.3 percent of the population, closest to an Armenian majority of any city in the Empire...Leaving Erivan on April 28, 1915, Armenian volunteers reached Van on May 14 and organized and carried out a general slaughter of the local Muslim population during the next two days."
"Knowing their numbers would never justify their territorial ambitions, Armenians looked to Russia and Europe for the fulfillment of their aims. Armenian treachery in this regard culminated at the beginning of the First World War with the decision of the revolutionary organizations to refuse to serve their state, the Ottoman Empire, and to assist instead other invading Russian armies. Their hope was their participation in the Russian success would be rewarded with an independent Armenian state carved out of Ottoman territories. Armenian political leaders, army officers, and common soldiers began deserting in droves."
"With the Russian invasion of eastern Anatolia in 1914 at the beginning of World War I, the degree of Armenian collaboration with the Ottoman's enemy increased drastically. Ottoman supply lines were cut by guerilla attacks, Armenian revolutionaries armed Armenian civil populations, who in turn massacred the Muslim population of the province of Van in anticipation of expected arrival of the invading Russian armies."
Source: Stanford J. Shaw, "History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey," Vol II. Cambridge University Press, London, 1979, pp. 314-317.
"...Meanwhile, Czar Nicholas II himself came to the Caucasus to make final plans for cooperation with the Armenians against the Ottomans, with the president of the Armenian National Bureau in Tiflis declaring in response:
'From all countries Armenians are hurrying to enter the ranks of the glorious Russian Army, with their blood to serve the victory of Russian arms...Let the Russian flag wave freely over the Dardanelles and the Bosporus. Let, with Your will, great Majesty, the peoples remaining under the Turkish yoke receive freedom. Let the Armenian people of Turkey who have suffered for the faith of Christ receive resurrection for a new free life under the protection of Russia.'[155]
Armenians again flooded into the czarist armies. Preparations were made to strike the Ottomans from the rear, and the czar returned to St. Petersburg confident that the day finally had come for him to reach Istanbul."
[155] Horizon, Tiflis, November 30, 1914, quoted by Hovannisian, "Road to Independence," p. 45; FO 2485, 2484/46942, 22083.
"Ottoman morale and military position in the east were seriously hurt, and the way was prepared for a new Russian push into eastern Anatolia, to be accompanied by an open Armenian revolt against the sultan.[156]"
[156] Hovannisian, "Road to Independence," pp. 45-47; Bayur, III/1, pp. 349-380; W.E.D. Allen and P. Muratoff, "Caucasian Battlefields," Cambridge, 1953, pp. 251-277; Ali Ihsan Sabis, "Harb Hahralaram," 2 vols., Ankara, 1951, II, 41-160; FO 2146 no. 70404; FO 2485; FO 2484, nos. 46942 and 22083.
"An Armenian state was organized at Van under Russian protection, and it appeared that with the Muslim natives dead or driven away, it might be able to maintain itself at one of the oldest centers of ancient Armenian civilization. An Armenian legion was organized 'to expel the Turks from the entire southern shore of the lake in preparation for a concerted Russian drive into the Bitlis vilayet.'[162] Thousands of Armenians from Mus and other major centers in the east began to flood into the new Armenian state...By mid-July there were as many as 250,000 Armenians crowded into the Van area, which before the crisis had housed and fed no more than 50,000 people, Muslim and non-Muslim alike.[163]"
[162] Hovannisian, "Road to Independence," p. 56; FOP 2488, nos. 127223 and 58350.
[163] BVA, Meclis-i Vukela Mazbatalari, debates of August 15-17, 1915; Babi-i Ali Evrak Odasi, no. 175, 321, "Van Ihtilali ve Katl-i Ami," Zilkade 1333/10 September 1915.
Source: Hovannisian, Richard G.: Armenia on the Road to Independence, 1918. University of California Press (Berkeley and Los Angeles), 1967, p. 13.
"The addition of the Kars and Batum oblasts to the Empire increased the area of Transcaucasia to over 130,000 square miles. The estimated population of the entire region in 1886 was 4,700,000, of whom 940,000 (20 percent) were Armenian, 1,200,000 (25 percent) Georgian, and 2,220,000 (45 percent) Moslem. Of the latter group, 1,140,000 were Tatars. Paradoxically, barely one-third of Transcaucasia's Armenians lived in the Erevan guberniia, where the Christians constituted a majority in only three of the seven uezds. Erevan uezd, the administrative center of the province, had only 44,000 Armenians as compared to 68,000 Moslems. By the time of the Russian Census of 1897, however, the Armenians had established a scant majority, 53 percent, in the guberniia; it had risen by 1916 to 60 percent, or 670,000 of the 1,120,000 inhabitants. This impressive change in the province's ethnic character notwithstanding, there was, on the eve of the creation of the Armenian Republic, a solid block of 370,000 Tartars who continued to dominate the southern districts, from the outskirts of Ereven to the border of Persia."
(See also Map 1. Historic Armenia and Map 4. Administrative subdivisions of Transcaucasia).
In 1920, '0' percent Turk.
"We closed the roads and mountain passes that might serve as ways of escape for the Tartars and then proceeded in the work of extermination. Our troops surrounded village after village. Little resistance was offered. Our artillery knocked the huts into heaps of stone and dust and when the villages became untenable and inhabitants fled from them into fields, bullets and bayonets completed the work. Some of the Tartars escaped of course. They found refuge in the mountains or succeeded in crossing the border into Turkey. The rest were killed. And so it is that the whole length of the borderland of Russian Armenia from Nakhitchevan to Akhalkalaki from the hot plains of Ararat to the cold mountain plateau of the North were dotted with mute mournful ruins of Tartar villages. They are quiet now, those villages, except for howling of wolves and jackals that visit them to paw over the scattered bones of the dead."
Ohanus Appressian "Men Are Like That" p. 202.
"An appropriate analogy with the Jewish Holocaust might be the systematic extermination of the entire Muslim population of the independent republic of Armenia which consisted of at least 30-40 percent of the population of that republic. The memoirs of an Armenian army officer who participated in and eye-witnessed these atrocities was published in the U.S. in 1926 with the title 'Men Are Like That.' Other references abound." (Rachel A. Bortnick - The Jewish Times - June 21, 1990)
1."Men Are Like That" by Leonard A. Hartill, Bobbs Co., Indianapolis, 1926
Memoirs of an Armenian Army Officer translated to English and published by a member of American "Near East Relief Organization." Gives the whole account of the genocide of all Turkish and Moslem people in Armenia organized and executed by Armenian Government and Army. Also gives account of countless other massacres and atrocities against the Turkish people in Armenia.
2."Adventures in the Near East, 1918-22" by A. Rawlinson, Dodd, Meade & Co., 1925
Eyewitness account of the same genocide by a British Army Officer.
3."World Alive, A Personal Story" by Robert Dunn, Crown Publishers, Inc., New York, 1952
Another eyewitness account of the same genocide by an American Officer.
4."From Sardarapat to Serves and Lousanne" by Avetis Aharonian, The Armenian Review Magazine, Volume 15 (Fall 1962) through 17 (Spring 1964)
Memoirs of the chief Armenian delegate to the Paris Peace Conference were published in the Armenian Review Magazine in 13 articles from Volume 15 (Fall 1962) to Volume 17 (Spring 1964). These memoirs include an interview between Aharonian and British Foreign Minister Lord Curzon in which above-mentioned genocide was discussed. The official report mentioned by Lord Curzon is the report of British High Commissioner to Caucasia, Sir Oliver Wardrop.
'We closed the roads and mountain passes that might serve as ways of escape for the Turks and then proceeded in the work of extermination.' (Ohanus Appressian - 1919) 'In Soviet Armenia today there no longer exists a single Turkish soul.' (Sahak Melkonian - 1920)"
Genug Quellen, die belegen, dass es eben kein Genozid und auch kein _einseitiges_ Massaker war? Oder brauchst du noch mehr? Und bedenke, diese Quellen sind sogar teilweise von Armeniern!
