Der illyro-albanische Glaube
von albanian.com/Wikipedia
1. Djall
The Albanian name for the devil. Another name for the devil in Albanian is dreqi, from the Latin draco (dragon).
2. Bukuri e qiellit
Albanian name for the Christian God.
3. Ljubi
The Albanian demoness who will dry water courses in the land if no virgin is sacrificed to her.
4. En
Among the ancient Albanians the term for god in general, but also the name of the supreme god. The word en survived in enjte, the Albanian word for Thursday.
5. Kukuth
Ancient Albanian female demons of sickness who spread the plague. The spirit of a deceased miser, who cannot find rest, and who does much evil, is also called Kukuth.
6. Ora
An Albanian protective spirit. Every person is assigned an Ora at birth. Those who are courageous and diligent have one with a white face. Those who are cowardly and lazy have an Ora with a black face.
7. Fatit
South-Albanian female deities of destiny, similar to the Greek Moirae. These three goddesses appear at the cradle, on the third day after the birth of a child, to determine the child's fate.
8. Stihi
A female demon in south Albanian belief. She is represented as a fire-breathing dragon guarding a treasure.
9. Perendi
The Albanian thunder god of Illyrian origin. He is the consort of Prende, the goddess of love. Perendi is identical with the Lithuanian Perkunas and the Latvian Perkons.
10. Perit
In Albanian folklore, they are female mountain deities of great beauty. They are dressed entirely in white and are regarded as good fairies. They can become very angry towards those who spill bread, and will give these sinners a hump.
11. Verbti
The ancient Albanian god of fire and the northern wind whose name means "the blind one". Although he cannot see, his hearing is absolutely perfect. He has an aversion of obscene language and dirty business. With the advent of Christianization he was reduced to a demon who causes blindness.
12. Kulshedra
A different name for dragon-like creature Bolla from Albanian folklore.
13. Vitore
A good Albanian household spirit who, in the shape of a small snake, lives in the walls of the house. With a soft whistling it announces both pleasant as well as sad events.
14. Xindhi
The Xindhi are, in Albanian folklore, elves or elfish creatures. Their approaching is accompanied by the creaking of a door or the flickering of a flame. The Xindhi are the male spirits and the Xindha are the female spirits. They are known to be sometimes friendly and helpful, but more often they are cruel to humans.
15. Bukura e dheut
A beautiful fairy among the ancient Albanians who is always very helpful. The supreme god Tomor is her lover. She is sometimes connected with the underworld and shows some demonical aspects. Her name means "the beauty of the earth". Her sister is Bukura e detit, and her name means "the beauty of the sea".
16. Tomor
The supreme god of the ancient Albanians, from Illyrian origin. He is the father of all the gods and humans and lover of the beautiful goddess Bukura e dheut. The winds are his servants. He is also known as Baba Tomor.
17. Prende
Goddess of love worshipped by the ancient Illyrians and, later, the Albanians. The wife of Perendi, the Illyrian thunder-god, Prende is referred to in folktales and legends as the "queen of beauty" (zoja e bukuris). After the Catholicization of the region, Prende was absorbed into the new church as a minor saint; as in pre-Christian days, her holy day always falls on a Friday.
18. Bolla
In ancient Albanian folklore, Bolla is a snake-like (or dragon-like) creature that sleeps throughout the entire year. On Saint George's Day, it will open its eyes and look into the world. A human unfortunate enough to be spotted by Bolla will be devoured instantly. At the end of a twelve-year cycle it mutates into another being, called Kulshedra. This creature is a horrible, fire-breathing dragon with nine tongues. Kulshedra is sometimes also represented as an enormous woman with a hairy body and hanging breasts. The monster can cause a shortage of water and it requires human sacrifices to propitiate it. The creature is also known as Bullar in south Albania.
19. Zana
The zana e malit is an Albanian mythological creature (Albanian: Zane or Zëre in southern Albania"fairy of the mountain" in English), zana (as a definite noun), or zanë (plural) of pre-Roman Paleo-Balkan origin. Its etymology is related to Latin Diana its also similar to the Bardha.The Zana are thought to have observed the speeches at the League of Prizrenat 1878.
( Ich glaube auch daher die Bezeichnung für schwanger/Schwangerschaft "Shtatezane" )
20. Shtojzovallet
In Albanian mythology, the shtojzovalle, also known as shtojzorreshta, shtozote and xhinde is a small creature with supernatural powers and of extraordinary beauty. They are invisible woodland creatures, which can be seen by humans only on rare occasions and are fond of song and dance. ( i ka ra pika - dieser Sprichwort kommt von diesem Glauben )
21. Shtriga
The Shtriga (Roman strix, Italian strega; compare also Romanian strigă and Polish strzyga), in Albanian folklore, was a vampiric witch that would suck the blood of infants at night while they slept, and would then turn into a flying insect (traditionally a moth, fly or bee). Only the shtriga herself could cure those she had drained (often by spitting in their mouths), and those who were not cured inevitably sickened and died. Also means just a witch, a person that uses magic. The male noun for shtriga is shtrigu or shtrigan.
hier auf deutsche
Die Illyrische Religion
En: Der oberste Gott, vergleichbar mit Zeus und Jupiter
Perendi: Donnergott; Gemahl von Prende
Shurdi: Gewittergott
Baba Tomorr:
Bukura e dheut: Fee; Schwester von Bukura e dhetit; ihr Name bedeutet soviel wie "die Schönheit des Meeres"; Geliebte des Tomorr
Bukuri i qiellit:
Ljubi: Dämon, er das Wasser vertrocknen lässt, wenn man ihm keine Jungfrauen geopfert werden
Prende: Göttin der Liebe; Gemahlin von Perendi
Thiana: Beschützerin der Mädchen und der Jungfernschaft
Vidas: Beschützer der Grenzen
Thiana und Vidas treten meist als Paar auf.
Redon: Beschützer der Wanderer und Seefahrer
Medauros: Kriegsgott (der Name ist wahrscheinlich hellenisiert)
Bindes: Gott der Quellen und des Meeres (mögl. Ursprung der thrakische Bendis)
Anzotika: Göttin der Liebe
Armatos: Gott des Krieges (wahrscheinlich hellenisiert)
die Illyrische Sprache und Religion
Die Religion der Illyrier zeigt einige Züge uralter Überlieferung. Der Stammvater Illyrios erscheint in Verbindung mit einer Schlange als Totemtier.
Weitere Totemtiere sind in eingen Stammesnamen zu erkennen: Die Encheleer wurden nach dem Aal, die Taulantier nach der Schwalbe, die Delmaten nach dem Schaf (albanisches Wort für Schaf: Delme) benannt.
Nähere Einzelheiten der illyrischen Religion kennen wir nicht. Bekannt sind lediglich einige Namen einheimischer Gottheiten, so Eia, Melosocus, Boria, und Iria in Istrien, Bindus bei den Japoden, Ausdotica und Ica bei den Liburnern, Vidasus in Pannonien und Medaurus als Schutzgott in Rhizon, aber sie sind erst in römischer Zeit, in lateinischen Inschriften, bezeugt. Dementsprechend sind auch die überlieferten Namen der illyrischen Götter dem lateinischen angepasst worden.
Baba heist Vater in albanisch
Der Tomorr ist einer der höchsten Gipfel Südalbaniens. Hier sind noch Falken heimisch und Wölfe. Es herrscht eine heilige Stille in dieser abgeschiedenen Gegend.
Verbti (Verbi, „der Blinde“)
Gott des Feuers und des Nordwindes, der das Feuer entfacht. Er ist gekennzeichnet Unsauberkeit und hässliche Redensarten. (Mit seiner Dämonisierung durch das Christentum hängt die Vorstellung zusammen, dass alle seine Anbeter blind werden.)
Xhind-i
Elfenähnliche unsichtbare Geister. Ihr Kommen wird durch das Krachen der Türen und das Flackern des Lichtes angezeigt. Sie können als hilfreiche Wesen, aber auch als eine Art drückender Alp auftreten.
Zana
Vorrömische Balkangottheit, in der interpretatio romana der Jagdgöttin Diana gleichgesetzt, obwohl sich dafür keine stichhaltigen Belege nachweisen lassen. Schutztiere der Göttin waren drei Ziegen mit goldenen Hörnern. In den albanischen Bergen lebt Zana als Fee weiter, die wegen ihrer Tapferkeit und Schönheit gepriesen wird.
Bukuri i qiellit („der Schöne des Himmels“)
in altillyrische Zeit in der sich drei Götter in die Welt (Himmel, Meer, Unterwelt) teilten.
